Analysis Of The Girl By Jane Kincaid - 1118 Words

1a. From what perspective are the characters viewed? The characters are being viewed are from a first-person narrative since the narrator is telling her story. The story is told in a very lax, kind of stream-of-consciousness voice, and the mother--except for two, speaks every line in the piece. b. Who are the characters being viewed? The characters that are being viewed in text are the narrator who is the â€Å"Girl.† Girl consists of a short set of writing concerning dramatic monologue in which a considered mother gives advice to her daughter throughout the literature, who is known as the girl. 2a. From what perspective are the events being viewed? The perspective that the events are being viewed in is in a first-person†¦show more content†¦The mother distributes a long list of advice to her daughter to teach her how to properly run a household and live respectably. The mother’s instructions suggest that community plays a large role in Antiguans’ lives and that social standing within the community bears a great deal of weight. 4a. How many voices are present within â€Å"Girl†? There is one voice present within â€Å"Girl.† In its place of doing all the listening, Girl is doing all the talking. â€Å"Girl† is not a word-for-word transcript of an actual conversation between the mother and daughter but a compilation of advice the daughter remembers her mother saying. The central voice is that of the unnamed mother; the reader must assume that the â€Å"girl† of the title is her daughter, although the relationship is never specified. b. Are there voices both acknowledged and unacknowledged (be specific)? How do you know? Yes, there are voices both acknowledge and unacknowledged. To explain, the texts that the reader reads in italicized are the narrators’ actual inner thoughts as if she was talking to herself. And the regular text is all the things that her mother would command her to do to cook, clean etc. Yet at the same time, there is bitterness in the mother’s vo ice, and she takes her anger and frustration out on her daughter. Twice the daughter’s voice (indicated by italics) interrupts the mother toShow MoreRelatedThe Girl By Jane Kincaid Analysis1115 Words   |  5 Pagesfor two, speaks every line in the piece. b. Who are the characters being viewed? The characters that are being viewed in text are the narrator who is the â€Å"Girl.† Girl consists of a short set of writing concerning dramatic monologue in which a considered mother gives advice to her daughter throughout the literature, who is known as the girl. 2a. From what perspective are the events being viewed? The perspective that the events are being viewed in is in a first-person narrative. The motherRead MoreLiterary Criticism : The Free Encyclopedia 7351 Words   |  30 PagesAgathon, by Christoph Martin Wieland (1767)—often considered the first true Bildungsroman[9] Wilhelm Meister s Apprenticeship by Johann Wolfgang Goethe (1795–96) 19th century[edit] Emma, by Jane Austen (1815) The Red and The Black, by Stendhal (1830) The Captain s Daughter, by Alexander Pushkin (1836) Jane Eyre, by Charlotte Brontà « (1847)[21] Pendennis, by William Makepeace Thackeray (1848–1850) David Copperfield, by Charles Dickens (1850) Green Henry, by Gottfried Keller (1855)[22] Great ExpectationsRead MoreManaging Information Technology (7th Edition)239873 Words   |  960 PagesNetworking Strategy 321 PART III Acquiring Information Systems 327 Chapter 8 Basic Systems Concepts and Tools The Systems View What Is a System? 329 329 330 Seven Key System Elements Organizations as Systems 330 334 Systems Analysis and Design 335 Business Processes 336 Identifying Business Processes 336 Business Process Redesign 336 Processes and Techniques to Develop Information Systems 339 The Information Systems Development Life Cycle 339 Structured

Portia s Speech From Act 3 Scene 2 Of William Shakespeare...

Portia’s speech from Act 3 scene 2 of Shakespeare’s The Merchant of Venice, not only directly targets the sex and gender system of Elizabethan England, but also highlights on a number of major themes of the play such as; the law, finances, gender roles and indeed the reversal of. It also takes the somewhat ambiguous title of the play and creates a â€Å"mercantile metaphor† which can be seen projected through Portia throughout this speech. From the outset the language contains embedded references to Portia’s financial wealth, which is at first glance masked by perhaps having sexual connotations. For instance the rhetorical statement â€Å"You see me, Lord Bassanio, where I stand, Such as I am† could be seen as Portia presenting herself and her body to her new husband Bassanio in a suggestive manner however, â€Å"such as I am† could be interpreted in monetary value. What she represents is a large dowry as left by her farther- which Bassanio has now won by choosing the right casket in the previous scene-and now she is married to him, she not only exchanges herself but her finances also which in itself contains an essence of a mercantile exchange. This thread of financial discourse continues to be trend, for only three lines later Portia’s language becomes increasingly numerical, â€Å"be trebled twenty times myself, a thousand times more fair, ten thousand times more rich† it appears as if this is done purposely, suggesting this numerical language is the language of men. For instance in Venice,Show MoreRelatedWilliam Shakespeare s The Merchant Of Venice2269 Words   |  10 PagesSamantha Hansen ENG 314 Brother Brugger 12.15.14 The Question of Shylock It is hard to read The Merchant of Venice without finding at least one character to sympathize with. The unforgettable villain Shylock as well as Portia, Shakespeare’s first and one of his most famous heroines are arguably some of this plays most beloved characters. But, is Shylock really the villain? Or is he a victim of circumstance? Shylock’s insistence for a pound of flesh has made him one of literatures most memorable

Healthy Lifestyles Free Essays

There are many components of having a healthy life. The most important of which, however, are physical activity, healthy eating habits, a good sleep schedule, and a good control of stress. A combination of these is a good start to a healthy lifestyle. We will write a custom essay sample on Healthy Lifestyles or any similar topic only for you Order Now Physical activity is massively important for having a healthy lifestyle. If a decent exercise schedule didn’t exsist in someone’s lifestyle, a multitude of health problems are at risk for that person. For starters, if instead of exercising someone wer to be watching television or sitting at the computer, along with poor eating habits, obesity will eventually settle in and bring more health problems with it. Chronic diseases such as heart disease, diabetes, and osteoporosis can all be contracted due to obesity. Being physically active is a way to prevent these things. A key foundation for any healthy lifestyle is moderation in the things someone eats. For most of us, moderation means eating less than we do now. More specifically, it means eating far less of the unhealthy things such as refined sugar and saturated fat and more of the healthy things such as fresh fruit and vegetables. Eating a certain amount of calories is also important. Calorie intake also translates into how much physical exercise you need a day. Keeping up with a good sleep schedule is another component to having a healthy life. the only sure-fire way to not be tired during the day is to sleep good enough and long enough. The recommended time spent asleep is around six to eight hours a night. It’s also recommended that people shouldn’t take short cat-naps during the day. The reason being is that the brain goes through different sleep cycles while resting. Usually, these cycles last about an hour and a half, and when someone wakes up at the very end of one of these cycles, they’ll feel well rested. However if someone were to wake up in the middle of one of these cycles, they won’t feel any better than from when they first went to sleep. This is also a reason why the snooze button doesn’t help in the mornings. It’s best to just go through with sleeping at night. Keeping stress in check is the final key to living a healthy lifestyle. One way to keep stress under control is to simply excersize. Excersizing is a great way to negate stress because it keeps the mind occupied on whatever it is you’re working out with. Plus, it takes care of getting one’s daily exercise in for the day. That’s the jist of living a healthy life. If one were to get control over their physical exercise, eating habits, sleep schedule, and stress; they’d be living an incredibly healthy life. How to cite Healthy Lifestyles, Papers

Effects of Applied Business Research and Ethics Proposal

Question: Discuss about the Effects of Applied Business Research and Ethics Proposal. Answer: Introduction: Stem cell therapy is a currently a popular topic, which is used for curing different diseases. Body cells, also known as the somatic cells are generated from the stem cells. Different kinds of diseases like yellow fever, Japanese encephalitis, and dengue are related to Zika virus (Musso et al. 2014). The Zika virus has the ability to spread from a pregnant woman to the fetus. It generates a disease named "microcephaly" in the fetus. The effects of this illness involve a weak development of intelligence, disability in speech, dwarfism, strange facial structures and others (Nowakowski et al. 2016). The ABC Company has generated a gene therapy that can decrease the problems created by microcephaly. This therapy uses human stem cells. It can be categorized into three parts, which are adult stem cells, human embryo stem cell (less than 14 days old) and embryo stem cells (more than 14 days old). According to the study, the embryo stem cells over 14 days old are most useful as it cures the disease entirely. A lot of ethical concerns about the use of this therapy are present in the market. The stem cells which will be used have to be extracted from other healthy people. ABC Company has to open its laboratory in such a country where the supply market of stem cells is large. The authorities of the company have to consider the consumers' viewpoint while creating the business plan. As the business depends solely on the customers, their opinion has to be taken seriously, and choose a country accordingly while opening a laboratory (Sterneckert, Reinhardt and Schler 2014). The aim of the report is to clarify the methods which are commonly used for this therapy. The report carries an outline of the data collection and analysis methods. A reasonable analysis of the derived results is also discussed in here (Zikmund et al. 2013). Problem statement: This research work will determine a proper plan of business for ABC Company regarding stem cell therapy, and the legal and ethical manners related to the process in different countries. Research questions: The report considers these research questions: What are the basic laws and ethics of the concerned country for stem cell therapy? Using of which type of stem cell will be most beneficial for the company and the customers? What are the ethical concerns which should be kept in mind while using stem cell therapy? Which country would be most appropriate for opening the company's laboratory? Research hypothesis: The hypotheses for this research are: H0: The existing legal and ethical practices of the given country are not convenient for opening stem cell laboratory by ABC. H1: The existing legal and ethical practices of the given country are convenient for opening stem cell laboratory by ABC. Literature review: Mainly two kinds of cells are present in a human body, the somatic cells, and the stem cells. The primary body cells existing in a body are called somatic cells. New cells cannot be formed by differentiating these. The master cells of a human body are called stem cells. The stem cells have the potential to discriminate and create several other kinds of cells. A human body has more than 200 types of tissues (Garbern and Lee 2013). These tissues are originated from the stem cells. The human embryo, parts of the body like bone marrow, adipose tissue, cartilage, human umbilical cord, peripheral blood tissue and others are the body parts, where stem cells are located. The cells can be conserved for future use. In most of the developed and developing nations, stem cells are preserved with new techniques in the laboratories. This kind of cells is commonly used for curing various types of diseases. The Zika virus relates to the family "Flaviviridae." In the year 1947, the virus was first found in Uganda. The diseases caused by this virus are similar to yellow fever, encephalitis and others (Oehler et al. 2014). It causes a disease named microcephaly which is found in the newborns. The affected person's brain becomes small due to this disease. The symptoms of this disease are weak speech, under-developed systems and many others (Lee 2014). Abnormal development of the brain is the main reason behind this. It does not even have a proper cure in medical science (Owojaiye and Are 2012). A human embryo is the dominant source of stem cells. These cells are also available in the human fetus. Adults have these cells in their "placenta, umbilical cord, bone marrow, adipose tissue." Normally, there are four major types of stem cells: embryonic stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells, and tissue-specific stem cells (Mlakar et al. 2016). Bone marrow and the blood cells are the tissue specific stem cells. The laboratories convert body cells into stem cells. ABC uses three types of stem cells for gene therapy. The first category is the stem cells of adults which are collected from placenta and umbilical cord (Guo 2016). This kind of stem cells has less effect in curing microcephaly (about 15%). The second category of stem cells is those which are found in the human embryo and are less than 14 days old (Blint and Szatmari 2016). These stem cells have the power to decrease the disease by 50%. Using stem cells of the human embryo which are more than 14 days old can cure the disease up to 100%, and is of the best type among all. If ethical, using fetal stem cells of adults is the best choice. Alzheimer's disease, heart diseases, and others are cured by stem cell therapy (Ding et al. 2015). Other types of cells are created in the laboratories using these cells. Organ transplant, rejuvenation of tissues and others are done by using stem cell therapy. Stem cell therapy has changed the recent medical science and is revolutionary in nature. In spite of the positive results of this process, stem cell therapy has faced a lot of social, ethical, and legal disagreements. Destruction of the human embryo is the primary unethical use of stem cells. Stem cell therapy can be used for curing incurable diseases and also for destroying human life. Here lays the dilemma regarding ethical issues of using stem cell therapy (eurostemcell.org 2016). In some cases, the stem cell is gathered from miscarried or stillborn fetuses. There are also other ways of collecting the stem cells, like obtaining stem cells from live fetuses provided there are ways of removing them from the mother's womb unharmed (Schwartz et al. 2015). The placenta also can be used as the source of stem cells (hfea.gov.uk 2012). Nonembryonic stem cells such as the cells from bone marrow, adipose tissue are widely used for stem cell research. The success of this therapy increases its demand (Nakamura and Okano 2013). It made the scientists believe that non-embryonic stem cells have the potential of improving the stem cell therapy, which was not considered previously. The cord blood that is acknowledged as a waste material after a baby's birth is used by the doctors currently (Arsenijevic and Decembrini 2015). Extracting cord blood claims permission from the parents of the child. Keeping the placenta still in the body, the cord blood can be removed, taking the co nsent of the mother. This process is banned in most of the countries (Schwartz et al. 2015). Some religions do not permit stem cell therapy. People with orthodox belief are also against this process. These are enough causes to harm the business of an organization. Hence, the organization should open its laboratories in places where people are liberal and literate enough to understand the concepts (Crane and Matten 2007). Purpose of the research Many ethical issues follow extraction of stem cells. A stem cell is not easily available because of this. The cells have to be extracted human body. The process has to be legal, and consent of the giver has to be taken before the extraction process. There are three kinds of operational stem cells which are effective for therapy usage: 1. adult stem cells, 2. embryonic stem cells less than 14 days old, and 3. embryonic stem cells more than 14 days old. The third type of stem cells is the best for therapy. The obtaining process of stem cells raises ethical and moral issues. The law of collection and using stem cells varies from country to country. This report has the purpose of determining the legal and ethical issues regarding this matter (Ginn et al. 2013). The ABC Company will make their decision, which will be based on this report. Data operations: 1. Introduction: The research philosophy, research design and research approach, methods of data collection, sample size and sampling techniques will be discussed here. This report has used positive philosophy. It incorporates data collection and drawing conclusions from analyzing those data (Silverman 2016). As the sample size will be appropriate, it encourages positivism. The deductive research approach was used for the research purpose, as the availability of data supports it. Both qualitative and quantitative research will be appropriate for this report. Qualitative research design will be done using articles of journals. A questionnaire will be prepared for the purpose of recording quantitative data. The data collection method is described in detail below. Data collection: The data collection depends on the country where the company ABC determines to open the laboratory. A country with high population will be ideal for the business like India, United States of America, China, Japan, and others. China has the rule of "one child," which will not be suitable for the business. The citizens of the country have to be educated and liberal. Orthodox beliefs will bring down the project. People should have a general idea about the stem cell therapy. This information can be gathered by using a survey with the help of a properly designed questionnaire. The questionnaire contains questions regarding the knowledge of stem cell therapy. Countries like India, United Kingdom, and Japan fits the profile perfectly. Cross-sectional data can be collected for this purpose by using an early online survey. This kind of data will give the point of view based on a single point of time (Panneerselvam 2014). India has legal issues regarding extraction of the fetal stem (bic.icmr. org.in 2016). The traditional survey can be done after analyzing the online survey. Interviewing the doctors and medical practitioners will serve the purpose. 3. Sample size: The sample size to be considered here has to be appropriate for the survey, as it can give proper estimates of the population. For these reasons, the study is done in the country India. Delhi, Bangalore, Mumbai, Chennai are four major cities in India and are chosen for the survey purposes. These cities are highly populated and hence the sample size, which will give the desired confidence interval, can be readily determined from here (census2011.co.in 2016). The Same process can be followed in the United Kingdom and the United States of America (eurostemcell.org 2016). 4. Sampling method: Cluster sampling method is best for this purpose. Samples can be taken from each city in a cluster format. The country's legal issues and ethical views can be collected this way using secondary data. 5. Research process: The research process incorporates all the steps of the research work. Identifying the research problem is the first level. The extensive literature survey is a must in order to point the issues. After his, the data collection will be done. Both primary and secondary data are included in his research (Wild, Wild and Han 2014). The questionnaire will help to gather primary data. In the next step, the data will be analyzed. The assignment's last level would be to draw a conclusion from the findings. 6. Analysis and interpretation of data Different statistical methods have to be used in order to analyze the collected data. The data gathered will be in Likert scale. Simple central tendency measures will give a rough idea about the citizen's view on stem cell therapy. To understand the ethical issues, and their effect on the people, a regression study is needed. India incorporates diverse cultures, which increases the possibility of variation in belief and judgment. The literacy rate has to be considered in certain cases. These attributes will show the inequality in the thought process of the citizens. The place for opening a laboratory has to be considered accordingly. Religious and cultural beliefs are. A cluster can be formed according to the religious or cultural background. These data will be used to get a descriptive statistics for each and every cluster. The variation in the result will represent the differences in opinion among the different communities (Bianco et al. 2013). 7. Report and findings It is expected that the alternative hypothesis of the research will be accepted here. This situation implies that ethical issues and laws of the countries are ready to provide a favorable environment for ABC to open their laboratory in the country. This will lead to a profitable business for ABC. On the other hand, in the case of acceptance of the null hypothesis will suggest that the country is not ready yet to host stem cell therapy. Considering the people and the authorities of the country, opening a laboratory for "stem cell therapy" research purposes will not be profitable for ABC Company (Ishii, Pera and Greely 2013). Conclusion: According to the research, the alternative hypothesis is accepted. The choice of the country should depend on the legal and ethical situation of the country. The assignment provides an extensive idea about the related ethics regarding stem cell therapy. The report will help the company ABC to determine which country is the best option for opening a laboratory. The research incorporated various issues related to stem cell therapy. According to the research, embryonic stem cells more than 14 days old are the best for reducing microcephaly. This report guides the company ABC through the legal and ethical barriers of several countries and helps to find a place which is suitable for opening a laboratory for stem cell research, which will be profitable and beneficial for the company. Recommendations: Many political and religious issues related to stem cell therapy. These factors have to be considered while opening a laboratory in a country. In the countries where the sample subjects are neutral to stem cell therapy, certain campaigns can lift the mass knowledge and make it favorable for the ABC Company. This will benefit both the citizens and the organization (Goodwin 2014). Using stem cells is risky because of the extraction procedure. The safest way is to ensure that the cells collected are from the embryonic stem cells which are going to be wasted. ABC Company has to make sure that the legal and ethical issues are addressed while looking for profit in the market (Henderson 2015). The stem cells which are embryonic and more than 14 days old yield the best result in curing microcephaly. The company ABC must keep this in mind while addressing the legal and ethical issues as this will maintain the company afloat through years (Biffi et al. 2013). References: Arsenijevic, Y. and Decembrini, S., 2015. An Advocacy for the Use of 3D Stem Cell Culture Systems for the Development of Regenerative Medicine: An Emphasis on Photoreceptor Generation. Journal of Stem Cell Research Therapy, 2015. Blint, B.L. and Szatmari, I., 2016. Stem Cell Research. Bianco, P., Barker, R., Brstle, O., Cattaneo, E., Clevers, H., Daley, G.Q., De Luca, M., Goldstein, L., Lindvall, O., Mummery, C. and Robey, P.G., 2013. Regulation of stem cell therapies under attack in Europe: for whom the bell tolls. The EMBO journal, 32(11), pp.1489-1495. bic.icmr.org.in/nacscrt/, 2016. NAC-SCRT l India. [online] Bic.icmr.org.in. Available at: https://bic.icmr.org.in/nacscrt/ [Accessed 1 Oct. 2016]. Biffi, A., Montini, E., Lorioli, L., Cesani, M., Fumagalli, F., Plati, T., Baldoli, C., Martino, S., Calabria, A., Canale, S. and Benedicenti, F., 2013. Lentiviral hematopoietic stem cell gene therapy benefits metachromatic leukodystrophy.Science,341(6148), p.1233158. census2011.co.in, 2016. Hyderabad (Greater Hyderabad) City Population Census 2011 | Andhra Pradesh. [online] Census2011.co.in. Available at: https://www.census2011.co.in/census/city/392-hyderabad.html [Accessed 1 Oct. 2016]. Crane, A. and Matten, D., 2007.Business ethics: Managing corporate citizenship and sustainability in the age of globalization. Oxford University Press, USA. Ding, D.C., Chang, Y.H., Shyu, W.C. and Lin, S.Z., 2015. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells: a new era for stem cell therapy.Cell transplantation,24(3), pp.339-347. eurostemcell.org, 2016. [online] Available at: https://www.eurostemcell.org/files/Human_ES_ethics_1.pdf [Accessed 29 Sep. 2016]. eurostemcell.org, 2016.Regulation of stem cell research in the United Kingdom | Europe's stem cell hub | EuroStemCell. [online] Eurostemcell.org. Available at: https://www.eurostemcell.org/regulations/regulation-stem-cell-research-united-kingdom [Accessed 29 Sep. 2016]. Garbern, J.C. and Lee, R.T., 2013. Cardiac stem cell therapy and the promise of heart regeneration.Cell stem cell,12(6), pp.689-698. Ginn, S.L., Alexander, I.E., Edelstein, M.L., Abedi, M.R. and Wixon, J., 2013. Gene therapy clinical trials worldwide to 2012an update. The journal of gene medicine, 15(2), pp.65-77. Goodwin, M., 2014. Fetal protection laws: Moral panic and the new constitutional battlefront.California Law Review,102(4). Guo, J., 2016. Studies using IPS cells support a possible link between ZIKA and microcephaly. Cell bioscience, 6(1), p.1. Henderson, P., 2015. The Ethical Use of Stem Cells. hfea.gov.uk, 2012.What is sperm, egg and embryo donation? - HFEA. [online] Hfea.gov.uk. Available at: https://www.hfea.gov.uk/sperm-egg-embryo-donation.html [Accessed 29 Sep. 2016]. Ishii, T., Pera, R.A.R. and Greely, H.T., 2013. Ethical and legal issues arising in research on inducing human germ cells from pluripotent stem cells. Cell Stem Cell, 13(2), pp.145-148. Lee, E.H., 2014.The Essential Roles of DNA Resection AND The Impact of Loss of Function NHEJ Mutations on DSB Repair In Human Somatic Cells(Doctoral dissertation, UNIVERSITY OF MINESOTA). Mlakar, J., Korva, M., Tul, N., Popovi?, M., Poljak-Prijatelj, M., Mraz, J., Kolenc, M., Resman Rus, K., Vesnaver Vipotnik, T., Fabjan Voduek, V. and Vizjak, A., 2016. Zika virus associated with microcephaly. New England Journal of Medicine, 374(10), pp.951-958. Musso, D., Nhan, T., Robin, E., Roche, C., Bierlaire, D., Zisou, K., Shan Yan, A., Cao-Lormeau, V.M. and Broult, J., 2014. Potential for Zika virus transmission through blood transfusion demonstrated during an outbreak in French Polynesia, November 2013 to February 2014.Euro Surveill,19(14), p.20761. Nakamura, M. and Okano, H., 2013. Cell transplantation therapies for spinal cord injury focusing on induced pluripotent stem cells.Cell research,23(1), pp.70-80. Nowakowski, T.J., Pollen, A.A., Di Lullo, E., Sandoval-Espinosa, C., Bershteyn, M. and Kriegstein, A.R., 2016. Expression analysis highlights AXL as a candidate Zika virus entry receptor in neural stem cells. Cell stem cell, 18(5), pp.591-596. Oehler, E., Watrin, L., Larre, P., Leparc-Goffart, I., Lastere, S., Valour, F., Baudouin, L., Mallet, H., Musso, D. and Ghawche, F., 2014. Zika virus infection complicated by Guillain-Barre syndrome--case report, French Polynesia, December 2013.Euro Surveill,19(9), p.20720. Owojaiye, S.O. and Are, F.T., 2012. Development of Traditional Maternity; Birth Complications of Challenged Children for Female Gender Entrepreneurial Ability for Millennium Development Goals in Nigeria. Panneerselvam, R., 2014.Research methodology. PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd.. Schwartz, S.D., Regillo, C.D., Lam, B.L., Eliott, D., Rosenfeld, P.J., Gregori, N.Z., Hubschman, J.P., Davis, J.L., Heilwell, G., Spirn, M. and Maguire, J., 2015. Human embryonic stem cell-derived retinal pigment epithelium in patients with age-related macular degeneration and Stargardt's macular dystrophy: follow-up of two open-label phase 1/2 studies.The Lancet,385(9967), pp.509-516. Silverman, D. ed., 2016.Qualitative research. Sage. Sterneckert, J.L., Reinhardt, P. and Schler, H.R., 2014. Investigating human disease using stem cell models. Nature Reviews Genetics, 15(9), pp.625-639. Wild, J., Wild, K.L. and Han, J.C., 2014. International business. Pearson Education Limited. Zikmund, W.G., Babin, B.J., Carr, J.C. and Griffin, M., 2013.Business research methods. Cengage Learning